INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860
BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA, 2023
197. Issuing or signing false certificate
234. Issuing or signing false certificate.
changed or removed in old law
changed or added in new law
Similar wording stays plain; only differences are highlighted.
INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860
197. Issuing or signing false certificate.--Whoever issues or
signs any certificate required by law to be given or signed, or
relating to any fact of which such certificate is by law admissible in
evidence, knowing or believing that such certificate is false in any
material point, shall be punished in the same manner as if he gave
false evidence.
Repealed / historical reference India Code — IPC 1860
BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA, 2023
234. Issuing or signing false certificate.—Whoever issues or signs any certificate required by law to
be given or signed, or relating to any fact of which such certificate is by law admissible in evidence,
knowing or believing that such certificate is false in any material point, shall be punished in the same
manner as if he gave false evidence.
Current law India Code — BNS 2023