INDIAN EVIDENCE ACT, 1872
BHARATIYA SAKSHYA ADHINIYAM, 2023
88A. Presumption as to electronic messages.
90. Presumption as to electronic messages.
changed or removed in old law
changed or added in new law
Similar wording stays plain; only differences are highlighted.
INDIAN EVIDENCE ACT, 1872
[88A. Presumption as to electronic messages. –– The Court may presume that an electronic
message, forwarded by the originator through an electronic mail server to the addressee to whom the
message purports to be addressed corresponds with the message as fed into his computer for transmission;
but the Court shall not make any presumption as to the person by whom such message was sent.
Explanation. –– For the purposes of this section, the expressions “addressee” and “originator” shall
have the same meanings respectively assigned to them in clauses (b) and (za) of sub-section (1) of
section 2 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000).]
Repealed / replaced by BSA India Code — IEA 1872
BHARATIYA SAKSHYA ADHINIYAM, 2023
90. Presumption as to electronic messages.—The Court may presume that an electronic message,
forwarded by the originator through an electronic mail server to the addressee to whom the message
purports to be addressed corresponds with the message as fed into his computer for transmission; but the
Court shall not make any presumption as to the person by whom such message was sent.
Current law India Code — BSA 2023